Find out what to expect from a colonoscopy, including preparation, the procedure, recovery, and results.

Colonoscopy is a highly effective diagnostic tool for detecting diseases, lesions, anomalies, and tumors in the colon and rectum. It is a routine and often life-saving procedure that enables early diagnosis and treatment of many serious conditions. In this blog, we’ll explore the colonoscopy procedure, preparation and recovery processes, and the role it plays in maintaining long-term health and stability of the digestive tract.

What is a Colonoscopy?

A colonoscopy is a medical procedure that uses a flexible tube with a camera to examine the inside of the colon and rectum. It is considered the gold standard for detecting polyps, lesions, and colorectal cancer. Early detection through colonoscopy significantly improves treatment outcomes and can even save lives.

Regular screenings are highly effective; studies show they can reduce colorectal cancer risk by up to 68%. Beyond diagnosis, doctors can remove polyps during the same procedure, preventing potential cancer development.

Turkey has become a preferred destination for colonoscopy, offering advanced technology, skilled specialists, and affordable care, which attracts many international patients each year.

The Purpose of a Colonoscopy

The main purposes of a colonoscopy include:

• Screening for colorectal cancer

• Detecting and removing polyps

• Monitoring inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

• Investigating symptoms such as unexplained bleeding, weight loss, or persistent abdominal pain

• Identifying causes of chronic diarrhea or constipation

If you want to undergo a standard or virtual colonoscopy in Istanbul or any other major city in Turkey, scheduling one at Medical Park Hospitals is straightforward, with minimal to no waiting times. Your results will be evaluated by experienced and certified gastroenterologists on board. 

Preparing for Your Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is a routine and safe procedure. It may seem daunting initially; however, with proper colonoscopy prep, the procedure is usually smooth and well-tolerated. It is an effective diagnostic tool that is highly successful in detecting potential issues of the colon and rectum.

The colonoscopy preparation guidelines include:

• Switching to a low fiber diet a couple of days before the colonoscopy
• Only clear liquids, a day before the procedure
• Do not eat or drink on the day of the procedure (only small sips of water)
• Use a prescription laxative to cleanse the colon the night before
• Discuss with your doctor if you are on (Blood Thinners, Oral Hypoglycemics, Iron Supplements)

What to Expect During Your Colonoscopy

It is essential for a comfortable colonoscopy that the patient is familiar with the procedure's steps. If you are getting a colonoscopy procedure, here’s what typically takes place:

Comfort and Sedation During the Procedure

Most patients receive sedation for comfort. This usually involves medication through an IV line, which keeps you relaxed and pain-free. General anesthesia is rarely used.

Being Awake During the Colonoscopy

During a colonoscopy, an IV line is placed to administer a sedative that keeps the patient partially awake, yet drowsy and comfortable. When it is said that the patient is awake during the procedure, it does not mean they are fully conscious. Rather, they are typically drowsy, may have little or no memory of the procedure, and remain pain-free. 

While they might be aware of some movement, they are awake enough to respond to simple questions or instructions if needed. This balanced level of sedation ensures both colonoscopy comfort and cooperation throughout the examination.

A colonoscopy can be done without sedation. However, it isn’t standard practice due to potential discomfort for the patient. 

The Role of Medical Staff During the Procedure

A colonoscopy is a multidisciplinary effort. During a colonoscopy, the medical staff plays a key role in making the procedure comfortable and successful. The relevant colonoscopy team typically includes gastroenterologist, anesthetist, nursing staff and technicians.

After Your Colonoscopy

Once your colonoscopy is complete, you will be monitored in a recovery area until the sedative wears off. Most patients can go home the same day and resume normal activities within a day or two.

For those who value reliable follow-up care, Medical Park ensures that every step—from the procedure to post-recovery—is managed by experienced specialists. With advanced imaging technology, accredited facilities, and certified gastroenterologists, your results are evaluated accurately and promptly. Medical Park’s JCI-accredited hospitals and a team of over 2,500 healthcare professionals are committed to delivering safe, high-quality care for both local and international patients.

Post-Procedure Care and Recovery

Colonoscopy recovery time typically ranges from 24 to 48 hours, as it is generally a quick and routine procedure. After the examination, patients are advised to rest in the recovery area until the effects of sedation wear off. Light meals are recommended, especially if bloating or nausea occurs. 

Most individuals are able to resume their normal activities by the following day. Post-procedure care may also include colonoscopy medication such as simethicone to relieve bloating and over-the-counter pain relievers if needed.

In case of an additional procedure like polyp resection, the doctor may advise avoiding exertion and lifting heavy objects for a day. 

When Will You Get Your Results?

Colonoscopy results are generally shared in three steps:

• Immediate feedback from your doctor after the procedure

• Biopsy results, if samples were taken (usually within a few days)

• Pathology reports, which may take slightly longer depending on the case

Important Considerations for Your Colonoscopy

Before the procedure, it’s essential to discuss all medications you’re taking, as some (such as blood thinners) may need to be adjusted. Proper bowel preparation is critical because a clean colon ensures a more accurate examination.

If a polyp removal is planned, make sure you understand the potential risks, which are rare but possible. Familiarize yourself with the sedation process and ask any questions you may have beforehand. After the procedure, mild side effects like bloating or nausea are common and usually resolve without intervention.

This content was developed by the MedicalPark Editorial Board and is intended for informational purposes only. It does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult your healthcare provider for personalized care.